How to Write an Argumentative Essay Conclusion

How to Write an Argumentative Essay Conclusion The conclusion for an argumentative essay is your last chance to make an impression on your reader â€" that’s why it’s quite important. Make it weak, and your readers will forget all the good stuff in the body paragraphs and only remember the weak ending. You can’t afford to fail your conclusion, and yet it’s so easy to fail it. One of the reasons why students often write low-level conclusions is because there is a certain amount of wrong ideas about the role and purpose of the conclusion chapter that circulate in student circles. One of the most dangerous ones is that you simply have to restate what you have already stated in the introduction and body paragraphs, and you will be done. It couldn’t be further from the truth. While the introduction paves the way for your findings and the body paragraphs describe your train of thought, the conclusion serves as the climax. Here, you build on what you have already said, emphasize your point, and map areas for future research. From a certain point of view, the conclusion chapter might seem to be the most important part of your paper. Such thinking wouldn’t be correct, however. All the chapters in your paper are equally important and serve the same purpose. So, how does one approach writing the conclusion? First of all, by having a clear understanding of what the conclusion chapter is designed to achieve. The goals and functions of the conclusion chapter A conclusion performs multiple functions: Creates the last impression of your paper in your readers Wraps up what you have already stated Proves that you have accomplished the set of tasks you have set in the beginning Gives readers a closure on the topic Explains how exactly you went about supporting your thesis statement Encourages scientific discussion on related topics Maps areas for future research At that note that the conclusion chapter should not introduce any new information. You should reiterate what was said in the introduction in light of the information provided in the body paragraphs. The conclusion should have a reverted structure as compared with the introduction: while the introduction goes from general to specific, the conclusion follows the opposite order. How to write the conclusion chapter? Generally speaking, you have the freedom of choosing how to approach your conclusion. It should fulfill its functions, but how you go about it is not that important. There are some strategies that you could use to simplify the process: Explain the significance of your research. There is a copywriting technique where writers ask and try to answer the dreaded question: so what? So what that you have performed this research? Who should care and why do you think it makes any contribution into the body of knowledge? If you manage to give answers to these questions in a few sentences, you have a perfect conclusion ready for use. Revisit the introduction. Try using the same structures or approaches to organizing information as you did in the introduction. It will add consistency and close the full cycle of your paper. As it has already been said, the concepts described in the introduction should be revisited in view of the research you have done, not just reiterated. Unite the points raised in body paragraphs. Readers sometimes need more explaining than you would expect. Even if you provided extensive explanation for every point, it will not hurt you to restate the connection in the conclusion. In fact, introducing the connection between the points in the conclusion chapter is one of the best practices. In doing so, make sure you are not making any unexpected turns, as it will qualify as new information, which, as you know, should not be present in the conclusion. Include another attention hook or a thought or discussion provoking element. It will cheer your readers up and leave them wondering if there’s something else to be said about the subject matter. Propose how your research could be continued. There are multiple adjacent fields to yours where your findings could be used (provided you did a good job of researching). Propose other themes that could be explored in the future. Make a hint at a more general issue. Hinting at matters that encompass your research is a good way to support its significance as a part of a major scientific endeavor. Mistakes to avoid when working on an argumentative essay conclusion Don’t restate the obvious. The narrative of your paper should be clear enough to make your readers understand intuitively where the main part ends and the conclusion begins. That’s why you shouldn’t be using phrases such as “to conclude” or “in conclusion”. They sound artificial even in formal writing. Instead, make sure your readers understand the transition between chapters. Making doubtful statements and leaving your readers without a closure. You can hint at a more significant research possibility, but leaving readers with doubts and questions is a bad practice. So in provoking further discussion be careful â€" don’t go overboard. Changing the style as compared with your entire paper. The conclusion chapter is hardy the right place to change your approach and start using a different style. Your entire paper should aim for consistency in all respects, including style. Argumentative paper writing has quite a few conventions to follow, and not following them might get you in trouble. Including elements that should be in the main part. You have had your chance to present evidence â€" now is the time to analyze them. Besides, any evidence provided in the conclusion will qualify as new information, which you shouldn’t provide at the end of your paper. Writing conclusion for argumentative essay might seem to be a rather complicated thing, but in truth you will develop this skill with time. It will come naturally to you. If you haven’t yet had enough practice, however, these recommendations should help you write a decent conclusion that will be worthy of your paper.

Analysis of The Lost Children of Wilder by Nina Bernstein...

Analysis of The Lost Children of Wilder by Nina Bernstein â€Å"The Lost Children of Wilder† is a book about how the foster care system failed to give children of color the facilities that would help them lead a somewhat normal and protected life. The story of Shirley Wilder is a sad one once you find out what kind of life she had to live when she was a young girl. Having no mother and rejected by her father she has become a troubled girl. Shirley Wilder was rejected from foster care because she was black. The system failed to place children of color into these homes because they weren’t white, Catholic, or Jewish. I cannot even believe that this went on years ago. Just because you are of a different race meant that you could not†¦show more content†¦Just because of her race she was not able to receive the things she needed. According to the law though, she was qualified for treatment but of course there are always loop holes to get around certain terms and conditions of the law. I think a big problem came from the foster-care workers. â€Å"Some foster-care workers said that matching skin shade was a legitimate way of easing a child’s adjustment to a new environment†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Bernstein 113, 2001). In some situations I do believe that it would be hard for a child to adjust to a certain kind of environment but that does not mean that the only thing that should be matched up is skin color. If a child needs a home and their skin color happens to be different from the adoptive parents, so what. They are still going to receive the care they need regardless. I do not know about everyone else but if it was between getting foster care parents who are a different race than me or not getting foster care parents at all I would choose getting them. This book so far is very disturbing to me but hopefully everything turns out okay for Shirley. From the first part of the book we learn that race really does matter. Hopefully in this day we do not have these problems. I think that just because you are a different race or religion does not mean that you should be denied the proper care and supervision. Works Cited Bernstein, Nina. The Lost Children of Wilder: The EpicShow MoreRelatedConstructive Action Essay5974 Words   |  24 PagesMarket Analysis, Planning Promotion The importance of effective market planning and operations. Table of Contents Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦........................................................................3 Topic Statement†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...4 Short and Long Term Goals...........................................................................................................5 Setting Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.6 Situation Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦

Ethics And The Public Administration - 2014 Words

Ethics is an important characteristic to have in today’s society; many people lack ethics or lack the understanding of what ethics is. It can play a valuable role in your everyday lives and activities. Ethics is a culture where people can distinguish right from wrong and make knowledgeable decisions based on the fact and not a personal belief. Public administration ethics is described as the representative’s administrator’s duty to the public to make considerate decisions based on the information that is provided for the public that he/she represents. These decisions should be made based on what the public that they represent views as correct. Ethics is usually what is right in the eye of the beholder or the one making the decision. A well known ethical theorist, Terry L. Cooper has suggested, the public administration literature over the past three decades generally has reported on administrative ethics using one of at least five theoretical approaches: (1) ethi cs as virtue; (2) ethics as regime values, constitutional theory, and founding thought; (3) ethics as citizenship; (4) ethics as social equity; or (5) ethics as the public interest, (Martinez, 2009). These five theoretical approaches is used to guide public administers into making ethical decisions that affect the individuals they represent. The first theory is ethics as virtue which is one’s ability to overcome their desires of personal gratification and display self discipline; these were to be considered traitsShow MoreRelatedThe Ethics Of The Public Administration System Essay814 Words   |  4 PagesAdministrative Ethics is one of the terms of Administrative science which begins with and grounded in duty. The nature, meaning and scopes of ethics have overgrown in the course of time. Ethics is thickened to public administration. In public administration, ethics concentrates on how the public administrator should question and reflect in order to be able to act responsibly . We can simply bisect the two by saying that ethics deals with morals and values, while public administration is full of actionsRead MorePublic Administration and Ethics Essay677 Words   |  3 PagesPublic Administration amp; Ethics In public administration, decisions are a lot of times made based upon ethical principles, which are the perception of what the general public would agree is correct. This helps keep the administrators ethical because they first must ask themselves if they will be under public scrutiny if they don’t make an ethical decision. Ethics has also placed additional burden on public administrators regarding how they handle their personal lives. When a person entersRead MoreProfessional Ethics And Public Administration2137 Words   |  9 PagesGenerally, the issue of ethics especially in the business world is very complicated. Accordingly, many scholars have tried to explain the rationale behind being ethical. For instance, early scholars such as Milton Freidman and Adam Smith explains this issue by exploring on the social responsibilities of corporates, as well as in the theory of incentives whereby the rationale is driven by the needs of either the firm or an individual who is pr ofit maximization and maximization of utility by householdsRead MoreUnethical Behavior Has A Negative Impact On The Public, Economy And Work Environment Essay910 Words   |  4 PagesEthics according to the Merriam-Webster dictionary is â€Å"the principles of conduct governing an individual or a group† (Ethic, 2015). As public administration professionals, we have a duty to make ethical decisions and always put the general public’s interest before our interest. Repeatedly, the general public is being confronted with unethical behavior. Unethical behavior continues to be a persistent problem in the public, nonprofit and for-profit sectors. Some recent unethical behavior includesRead MoreH. George Frederickson’s The Spirit of Public Administration Essay1504 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The Spirit of Public Administration† is an informative yet drab look at motivating public administrators. Frederickson discusses a wide variety of topics that would be usef ul to any public administrator, but the verbiage used is a bit difficult for an individual that may be entering into the service field â€Å"The Spirit of Public Administration is broken down into three parts. These parts are: Part I: Governance, Politics, and the Public Part II: Issues of Fairness Part III: Ethics, Citizenship, andRead More How Does the Public Sector Work? Essay1683 Words   |  7 PagesIf you dont understand how the public sector is supposed to work, how can you ensure that it is working? An easy definition of public administration is, â€Å"the implementation of government policies† (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2010), or, â€Å"the implementation of public policy† (Infoplease.com, 1997). While policies and procedures seem to be continuously up for debate, it should be noted that, an informed public are the only sure-fire way to ensure that the public sector stays on track with meeting theRead More public administration Essay1638 Words   |  7 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The roll of ethics in public administration is based on the administration; administrators should be value-free when they implement public policy. I will discuss why ethics should be based on the administration and, why it should not be based on each individual worker in the administration. I will discuss Weber’s stance on values in bureaucratic organizations, what Macintyre suggests, and what Hummel and Goodsell would conclude about values in public administration. Most people do not understandRead MoreEssay about Ethical Behavior in Public Management594 Words   |  3 PagesEthical behavior in leaders in Public Administration has a significant impact on their employees and the environment of their work place. Ethics is not looked at in the same light in other parts of the world. What some cultures view as normal behavior, our culture may view as unethical or corruption. (Branscome, 2008, p. 1). Some behaviors in other cultures have been instilled as a normal way of doing business. In our culture, employees feel their leaders should be beyond reproach in order forRead MoreEthics and Accountability in Public Service1697 Words   |  7 PagesEthics, Integrity and Accountability in Public Sector: Practice and Lessons Learned in Latvia Alekse js Loskutovs, Director Corruption Prevention and Combating Bureau Latvia 28 September 2006 (10 min.) The public sector in Latvia has undergone many important changes over the past decade. In mid 1990s Latvian government started a major public administration reform. This reform was one of the cornerstones on Latvia’s way to the European Union, which we joined in May 2004. Latvia made a great effortRead MorePolicing1068 Words   |  5 PagesEthics in Criminal Justice Administration Analysis Perla M. Flores CJA/484 Criminal Justice Administration Capstone March 10, 2014 Fran Hart Ethics in Criminal Justice Administration Analysis Ethics in criminal justice administration is a very important aspect because professionals within the criminal justice system make important decisions every day that involves critical thinking, and the choices they make will have an impact in society;

Social Structures Free Essays

Social structure theories are based on relationships or bonds. A good example of a social structure would be family counseling. This is where families would learn to bond and work together. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Structures or any similar topic only for you Order Now Community events such as team events or social gatherings can become part of the social structure that helps to mold juveniles being involved in positive social functions is important in the development of a youth. So in my community the Youth Sports program will be a good example of â€Å"social structure. Because this involves both juveniles and families it provides the ability to have closer relationship with both family and community. Social process theories go rights along with both the conflict and the social theory. It is a learned behavior one that often comes from watching siblings or parents display tier patterns of behavior. A public program that exemplifies this again would be the Boys and Girls club. These clubs are designed to create positive environments for children and youth to spend time learning sports and positive interactions. Social conflict theories definition, what the cause of crime is and how does economics play a part in this theory. Social economics do play a factor in how juveniles are treated in the system after committing a crime. In a poor neighborhood if a youth steals a TV they are quite often convicted and sent to Juvenile detention. A juvenile from a more affluent neighborhood may only be brought into court and considered indiscretions. How the county’s juvenile programs would treat the two social groups differently. This happens with both youth and adults. The juvenile system would be an example of this social structure theory and how the conflict between social groups is treated in the system. Juvenile detention is the county’s number one way in which to denture criminal behavior. How to cite Social Structures, Essay examples

Operant Conditioning free essay sample

Classical conditioning forms associations between stimuli and involves respondent behavior, or the automatic responses to a stimulus. In operant conditioning, organisms associate their own actions with consequences. Action followed by reinforcers increase and those followed by punishers decrease. It uses operant behavior, or behavior that operates on the environment to produce rewarding or punishing stimuli. Operant conditioning involves operant behavior that actively operates on the environment to produce stimuli. Skinners work elaborated a simple fact that Edward Thorndike called the law of effect: rewarded behavior is likely to recur. In his experiments involving the now famous ‘Skinner box’, Skinner used shaping, a procedure in which rewards guide an animals behavior toward a desired behavior. By rewarding responses that are ever closer to the final desired behavior, and ignoring all other responses, researchers can gradually shape complex behaviors. A reinforcer is any event that increases the frequency of a preceding response. We will write a custom essay sample on Operant Conditioning or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Reinforcers can be: positive, presenting a pleasant stimulus after a response; negative, reducing or removing an unpleasant stimulus; primary, innately satisfying; or secondary, learned; and immediate or delayed. When the desired response is reinforced every time it occurs, continuous reinforcement is involved. More common are partial reinforcement schedules. Fixed-ratio schedules reinforce behavior after a set number of responses; variable-ratio schedules provide reinforcers after an unpredictable number of responses. Fixed-interval schedules feature an equal pause after each reinforcer, and variable-interval schedules reinforce the first response after varying time intervals. Like reinforcement, punishment is most effective when strong, immediate, and consistent. However, punishment is not simply the opposite of reinforcement, due to the fact that it can have several undesirable side effects, such as increased aggression and fear of the punisher. Even when punishment suppresses unwanted behavior, it often does not guide one toward more desirable behavior. The cognitive perspective has led to an important qualification concerning the power of rewards. The over justification effect  indicates that people may come to see rewards, rather than interest, as the motivation for performing a task. By undermining intrinsic interest, rewards can carry hidden costs. As with classical conditioning, an animals natural predispositions constrain its capacity for operant conditioning. Skinner has been criticized for repeatedly insisting that external influences, not internal thoughts and feelings, shape behavior and for urging the use of operant principles to control peoples behavior. Critics argue that he dehumanized people by neglecting their personal freedom and by seeking to control their actions. Operant principles have been applied in a variety of settings. For example, in schools, computer-assisted instruction embodies the operant ideal of individualized shaping and immediate reinforcement. In businesses, positive reinforcement for jobs well done has boosted employee productivity. In the home, peoples use of energy has been decreased by altering the consequences and providing feedback. Operant Conditioning free essay sample Study Guide Operant conditioning is a form of learning in which a person changes his behavior because of the results of his behavior. Skinner Box Example of Operant Conditioning Operant conditioning is a form of learning, which states that a person changes his behavior because of the results of his behavior. The result of acts can be reinforcement, punishment and extinction. Positive reinforcement (Reinforcement) occurs when there is a reward for a form of behavior. Negative reinforcement (Escape) occurs when an aversive stimulus is removed. Positive punishment occurs when a stimulus is added, which results in the behavior occurring less often. Negative punishment occurs when a stimulus is taken away, which results in the behavior occurring less often. Operant Conditioning ? Operant conditioning is a form of learning. According to this theory, a person changes his behavior because of the results of his behavior. extinction ? the action of making or becoming obsolete or discontinued. We will write a custom essay sample on Operant Conditioning or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Operant conditioning Operant conditioning is a form of learning. According to this theory, a person changes his behavior because of the results of his behavior. The result can be: Reinforcement: a positive or rewarding event which causes the behavior to occur more often. Punishment: a negative or punishing event which causes the behavior to occur less often. Extinction: no event follows; the behavior has no consequences. When a behavior has no consequences, it will occur less frequently. Four Contexts of Operant Conditioning Within operant conditioning, the terms positive and negative are not used in their common or popular sense; positive means that something is added, and negative means something is taken away. Positive reinforcement (Reinforcement) occurs when there is a reward for a form of behavior. This will increase the frequency at which the behavior occurs. In the Skinner Box experiment, the reward is in the form of food when the rat presses a lever. Negative reinforcement (Escape) occurs when an aversive stimulus is removed. This will increase the frequency at which the behavior occurs. In the Skinner Box experiment, there was a loud noise, which was removed when the rat pressed the lever. Positive punishment occurs when a stimulus is added, which results in the behavior occurring less often. Example stimuli may be loud noise, electric shock (rat), or a spanking (child). Negative punishment occurs when a stimulus is taken away, which results in the behavior occurring less often. An example might be a childs toy taken away after the child does an undesired behavior. Summary: 2. Operant Conditioning It is the basic process by which an individuals behavior is shaped by reinforcement or by punishment. A good example is the study by Pedalino Gamboa (1974). To help reduce the frequency of employee tardiness, the researchers implemented a game-like system for all employees that arrived on time. When an employee arrived on time, they were allowed to draw a card. Over the course of a 5-day workweek, the employee would have a full hand for poker. At the end of the week, the best hand won $20. This simple method reduced employee tardiness significantly and demonstrated the effectiveness of operant conditioning on humans. Source: http://www. studymode. com/essays/Examples-Of-Classical-Conditioning-Operant-Conditioning-609191. html

Free Essays on Angle Of Repose And Ego States

Throughout the entire novel, the narrator, Lyman Ward, illustrates all of the three ego states, Parent, Adult and Child. Lyman’s physical state and encounters with others influence his ego state status. The retired professor’s ego states are brought out by his work and the people he interacts with. When Lyman Ward interacts with Shelly Rasmussen, the aide that performs secretarial duties, he normally is in his Parent ego state. Shelly’s choice of life style and intellect creates a conflict between the professor and the aide. When she begins to question him on his grandmother’s sexual conduct he attempts to control her actions by questioning her and telling her that was the way it was â€Å"that’s what they would have done, turned out the light.† Also, when talking about his ex-wife, Lyman Ward becomes short and quickly ends a conversation with his son, Rodman. Lyman directs Rodman’s behavior by ending the conversation quickly and telling him that he has nothing to say to her and that should be told to her. When writing his novel, Lyman, is in the Adult ego state. With little emotion, Lyman dictates the historical account of his grandmother’s transient life. Being a retired professor of history, he describes the all the people and places with a historical accuracy that his career allowed him. Lyman describes all the events in his grandmother’s life as they were, helping the reader of his book understand and learn the history of his life. Lyman goes into the Adult ego state once again when he thinking about Ada’s version of Shelly’s marital situation. He is trying to describe to himself what is correct and not correct and avoid the motherly biases that Ada has. Later in the book, Lyman questions himself. He questions his intentions, why he is doing what his is doing and why he is there. This is another sign that Lyman is in his Adult ego state. He is answering the questions with factual and neutral answers. Lyman... Free Essays on Angle Of Repose And Ego States Free Essays on Angle Of Repose And Ego States Throughout the entire novel, the narrator, Lyman Ward, illustrates all of the three ego states, Parent, Adult and Child. Lyman’s physical state and encounters with others influence his ego state status. The retired professor’s ego states are brought out by his work and the people he interacts with. When Lyman Ward interacts with Shelly Rasmussen, the aide that performs secretarial duties, he normally is in his Parent ego state. Shelly’s choice of life style and intellect creates a conflict between the professor and the aide. When she begins to question him on his grandmother’s sexual conduct he attempts to control her actions by questioning her and telling her that was the way it was â€Å"that’s what they would have done, turned out the light.† Also, when talking about his ex-wife, Lyman Ward becomes short and quickly ends a conversation with his son, Rodman. Lyman directs Rodman’s behavior by ending the conversation quickly and telling him that he has nothing to say to her and that should be told to her. When writing his novel, Lyman, is in the Adult ego state. With little emotion, Lyman dictates the historical account of his grandmother’s transient life. Being a retired professor of history, he describes the all the people and places with a historical accuracy that his career allowed him. Lyman describes all the events in his grandmother’s life as they were, helping the reader of his book understand and learn the history of his life. Lyman goes into the Adult ego state once again when he thinking about Ada’s version of Shelly’s marital situation. He is trying to describe to himself what is correct and not correct and avoid the motherly biases that Ada has. Later in the book, Lyman questions himself. He questions his intentions, why he is doing what his is doing and why he is there. This is another sign that Lyman is in his Adult ego state. He is answering the questions with factual and neutral answers. Lyman...

How to Return a Value in JavaScript

How to Return a Value in JavaScript The best way to pass information back to code that called a function in JavaScript is to write the function so the values that are used by the function are passed to it as parameters and the function returns whatever value it needs to without using or updating any global variables. By limiting the way in which information is passed to and from functions, it is easier to reuse the same function from multiple places in the code. JavaScript Return Statement JavaScript provides for passing one value back to the code that called it after everything in the function that needs to run has finished running. JavaScript passes a value from a function back to the code that called it by using the return statement. The value to be returned is specified in the return. That value can be a  constant value, a variable, or a calculation where the result of the calculation is returned. For example: return 3;return xyz;return true;return x / y 27;​You can include multiple return statements into your function each of which returns a different value. In addition to returning the specified value the return statement also acts as an instruction to exit from the function at that point. Any code that follows the return statement will not be run.function num(x, y) {if (x ! y) {return false;}if (x 5) {return 5;}return x;} The above function shows how you control which return statement is run by using if statements. The value that is returned from a call to a function is the value of that function call. For example, with that function, you can set a variable to the value that is returned using the following code (which would set result to 5). var result num(3,3); The difference between functions and other variables is that the function has to be run in order to determine its value. When you need to access that value in multiple places in your code, it is more efficient to run the function once and assign the value returned to a variable. That variable is used in the rest of the calculations.